Serial Multimodality Imaging and 2-Year Clinical Outcomes of the Novel DESolve Novolimus-Eluting Bioresorbable Coronary Scaffold System for the Treatment of Single De Novo Coronary Lesions.

OBJECTIVES: This study sought to report the late multimodality imaging and clinical outcomes of the novel poly-l-lactic-acid-based DESolve novolimus-eluting bioresorbable coronary scaffold for the treatment of de novo coronary lesions. BACKGROUND: Bioresorbable scaffolds are an alternative to drug-eluting metallic stents and provide temporary vascular scaffolding, which potentially may allow vessel restoration and reduce the risk of future adverse events. METHODS: Overall, 126 patients were enrolled at 13 international sites between November 2011 and June 2012. The primary endpoint was in-scaffold late lumen loss at 6 months. Major adverse cardiac events, the main safety endpoint, were defined as the composite of cardiac death, target vessel myocardial infarction, or clinically indicated target lesion revascularization. All patients underwent angiography at 6 months. Serial intravascular ultrasound and optical coherence tomography were performed in a subset of patients. RESULTS: The scaffold device success rate was 97% (n = 122 of 126), and procedural success was 100% (n = 122 of 122). The major adverse cardiac event rate was 3.3% (n = 4 of 122) at 6 months and 7.4% (n = 9 of 122) at 24 months, including 1 probable stent thrombosis within the first month. At 6-month angiographic follow-up, in-scaffold late lumen loss was 0.20 ± 0.32 mm. Paired intravascular ultrasound analysis demonstrated a significant increase in vessel, lumen and scaffold dimensions between post-procedure and 6-month follow-up, and strut-level optical coherence tomography analysis showed full strut coverage in 99 ± 1.7%. CONCLUSIONS: Our results showed favorable performance of the DESolve scaffold, effective inhibition of neointimal hyperplasia, and for the first time, early luminal and scaffold growth at 6 months with sustained efficacy and safety through 2 years. (Elixir Medical Clinical Evaluation of the DESolve Novolimus Eluting Bioresorbable Coronary Scaffold System-The DESolve Nx Trial; NCT02086045).

Serial multimodality imaging and 2-Year clinical outcomes of the novel DESolve novolimus-eluting bioresorbable coronary scaffold system for the treatment of single de novo coronary lesions

OBJECTIVES:This study sought to report the late multimodality imaging and clinical outcomes of the novel poly-l-lactic-acid-based DESolve novolimus-eluting bioresorbable coronary scaffold for the treatment of de novo coronary lesions. BACKGROUND: Bioresorbable scaffolds are an alternative to drug-eluting metallic stents and provide temporary vascular scaffolding, which potentially may allow vessel restoration and reduce the risk of future adverse events...

Seguimento de 12 meses de pacientes complexos tratados com stentsfarmacológicos liberadores de everolimus XIENCE V® na prática diária – resultados do registro brasileiro BRAVO / Twelve-month follow-up of complex patients treated with the Xience V™ everolimus drug-eluting stents in daily practice – results of the BRAVO Brazilian Registry

O stent liberador de everolimus XIENCE V® é um stent farmacológico de nova geração que incorpora uma plataforma de cromo-cobalto de baixo perfil (81 m) e um polímero de elevada biocompatibilidade (fluoropolímero), o qual carreia e controla a liberação do fármaco everolimus. Estudos recentes demonstram segurança e eficácia sustentadas do dispositivo XIENCE V® no tratamento de populações da prática clínica. Nosso objetivo foi reportar resultados clínicos de 12 meses do protocolo brasileiro BRAVO. Métodos: O registro BRAVO foi um estudo prospectivo, não randomizado, de braço único, multicêntrico (25centros), que avaliou os resultados clínicos tardios de 535 pacientes minimamente selecionados, tratados com o stent farmacológico XIENCE V®.Resultados: Cerca de 40% dos pacientes tinham diabetes, 25% infarto agudo do miocárdio prévio e 42% apresentaram-se com síndrome coronária aguda. A maioria das lesões (69%) era de elevada complexidade(ACC/AHA tipo B2/C). As médias da extensão e do diâmetro nominais dos stents foram, respectivamente, 19,9 ± 5,3 mm e 3,0 ± 0,4 mm. Os sucessos angiográfico e de procedimento foram de 99,7 e 98%, respectivamente. Aos 12 meses, a taxa cumulativa de eventos cardíacos adversos maiores, disponível em 100% dos pacientes, foi de 5,6% (morte cardíaca: 1,3%; infarto agudo do miocárdio: 3,0%; revascularização da lesão-alvo: 2,2%). Já a trombose de stent ocorreu em cinco pacientes (0,9%), sendo reportada apenas uma ocorrência entre 6 e 12 meses. Conclusões: O stent farmacológico XIENCE V® demonstrou segurança e eficácia sustentadas ao final de 12meses no tratamento de lesões coronárias complexas em pacientes da prática diária...

The Xience VTM everolimus-eluting stents is a new generation drug-eluting stent (DES)that incorporates a low profile cobalt-chromium platform (81 m) and a highly biocompatible polymer(fluoropolymer), which carries and controls the release of everolimus. Recent studies have demonstrated sustained safety and efficacy of the Xience VTM in the treatment of real-world populations. Our aim was to report the clinical results of 12 months of the BRAVO Brazilian protocol. Methods: The BRAVO Registry was a prospective, non-randomized, single-arm, multicenter (25 centers) study that evaluated the late clinical results of 535 minimally selected patients treated with the drug eluting stent Xience VTM in Brazilian daily practice. Results: Overall, 40% of patients had diabetes, 25% prior myocardial infarction, and 42% presented with acute coronary artery syndrome. The majority of lesions (69%) was highly complex (ACC/AHA type B2 or C).The mean length and the nominal stent diameter were 19.9 ± 5.3 mm and 3.0 ± 0.4 mm, respectively.The angiographic and procedural successes were 99.7 and 98%, respectively. At 12 months, the cumulative rate of major adverse cardiac events, available in 100% of patients, was 5.6% (cardiac death: 1.3%; acute myocardial infarction: 3.0%; revascularization of the target lesion: 2.2%). Stent thrombosis occurred in 5 patients (0,9%), and only 1 case was reported between 6 and 12 months. Conclusions: The drug-eluting stent Xience V™ demonstrated sustained safety and efficacy up to 12 months in the treatment of complex coronary lesions in patients from daily practice...

Resultados clínicos tardios do stent farmacológico liberador de sirolimus firebird® no tratamento de pacientes com doença arterial coronária na prática diária: seguimento de 24 Meses do registro CLARIFIRE / Late clinical outcomes of firebird™ sirolimus-eluting stent for the treatment of coronary artery disease in daily practice – 24-month follow-up of the CLARIFIRE registry

Introdução: O stent farmacológico liberador de sirolimus Firebird® já demonstrou eficácia na inibição de hiperplasia neointimal em pacientes selecionados submetidos à intervenção coronária percutânea. Nosso objetivo foi avaliar o desempenho e o resultado clínico tardio do dispositivo Firebird® em pacientes submetidos à intervenção coronária percutânea na prática diária nacional. Métodos: O Registro CLARIFIRE foi um estudo prospectivo, não randomizado, multicêntrico, que incluiu 455 pacientes (536 lesões) em 14 centros no Brasil entre dezembro de 2008 e maio de 2011. O seguimento clínico foi realizado aos 1, 6, 12 e 24 meses, e os eventos adversos foram adjudicados por um Comitê de Eventos Clínicos independente. Resultados: A média das idades foi de 61,1 ± 10,4 anos, 30,8% eram do sexo feminino, 41,9% tinham diabetes e 58,2% apresentaram-se com angina estável. O vaso-alvo mais prevalente foi a artéria descendente anterior (46,5%), 29,9% eram lesões reestenóticas e 8% lesões em bifurcação. Foram implantados 613 stents e as médias de extensão e diâmetro nominal dos stents foram 22,0 ± 6,4 mm e 2,90 ± 0,40 mm, respectivamente. O sucesso do procedimento foi de 97,6%. A taxa cumulativa de eventos cardíacos adversos maiores aos 12 meses (desfecho primário) foi 8,1%. Considerando-se os eventos pós-hospitalização até 24 meses (409/455), observaram-se eventos cardíacos adversos maiores em 9,8%, morte cardíaca em 3,9% e revascularização do vaso-alvo em 7,6%. Já a trombose de stent (definitiva/provável) ocorreu em nove casos (2%) até 30 dias, sem ocorrências subsequentes. Conclusões: O stent farmacológico liberador de sirolimus Firebird ® demonstrou desempenho favorável, Além de segurança e eficácia sustentadas no tratamento de pacientes da prática diária, conforme evidenciado pela elevada taxa de sucesso do procedimento e pela ocorrência relativamente baixa de eventos adversos ao final de 2 anos...

Background: The Firebird™ sirolimus-eluting stent has proven to be effective in inhibiting neointimal hyperplasia in selected patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention. Our objective was to evaluate the performance and long-term outcomes of Firebird ™ in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention in daily practice in Brazil. Methods: The CLARIFIRE Registry was a prospective, non-randomized, multicenter study enrolling 455 patients (536 lesions) in 14 Brazilian sites between December 2008 and May 2011. Clinical follow-up was performed at 1, 6, 12, and 24 months, and adverse events were adjudicated by the independent Clinical Events Committee. Results: Mean age was 61.1 ± 10.4 years, 30.8% were women, 41.9% had diabetes, and 58.2% had stable angina. The left anterior descending artery was the most prevalent target vessel (46.5%), 29.9% were restenotic lesions, and 8% were bifurcations. Six hundred and thirteen stents were implanted, and the mean nominal stent length and diameter were 22.0 ± 6.4 mm and 2.90 ± 0.40 mm, respectively. Procedural success was 97.6%. The cumulative major adverse cardiac events rate at 12 months (primary endpoint) was 8.1%. Considering post-discharge events up to 24 months (409/455), major adverse cardiac events were observed in 9.8%, cardiac death in 3.9%, and target vessel revascularization in 7.6% of the patients. Definite/probable stent thrombosis was observed in nine cases (2%) up to 30 days, and no further occurrences were found. Conclusions: The Firebird ™ sirolimus-eluting stent has demonstrated good performance and sustained safety and efficacy for patients treated in daily practice, as evidenced by the high procedural success rates and relatively low adverse event rates after 2 years...

A next-generation bioresorbable coronary scaffold system: from bench to first clinical evaluation: 6- and 12-month clinical and multimodality imaging results.

OBJECTIVES: This study sought to perform clinical and imaging assessments of the DESolve Bioresorbable Coronary Scaffold (BCS). BACKGROUND: BCS, which is drug eluting, may have potential advantages compared with conventional metallic drug-eluting stents. The DESolve system, designed to provide vessel support and neointimal suppression, combines a poly-l-lactic acid-based scaffold with the antiproliferative myolimus. METHODS: The DESolve First-in-Man (a non-randomized, consecutive enrollment evaluation of the DESolve myolimus eluting bioresorbable coronary stent in the treatment of patients with de novo native coronary artery lesions) trial was a prospective multicenter study enrolling 16 patients eligible for treatment. The principal safety endpoint was a composite of cardiac death, myocardial infarction, and clinically indicated target lesion revascularization. The principal imaging endpoint was in-scaffold late lumen loss (LLL) assessed by quantitative coronary angiography (QCA) at 6 months. Intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) and optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging was performed at baseline and 6 months; multislice computed tomography (MSCT) was performed at 12 months. RESULTS: Acute procedural success was achieved in 15 of 15 patients receiving a study scaffold. At 12 months, there was no scaffold thrombosis and no major adverse cardiac events directly attributable to the scaffold. At 6 months, in-scaffold LLL (by QCA) was 0.19 ± 0.19 mm; neointimal volume (by IVUS) was 7.19 ± 3.56%, with no evidence of scaffold recoil or late malapposition. Findings were confirmed with OCT and showed uniform, thin neointimal coverage (0.12 ± 0.04 mm). At 12 months, MSCT demonstrated excellent vessel patency. CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrated the feasibility and efficacy of the DESolve BCS. Results showing low in-scaffold LLL, low % neointimal volume at 6 months, no chronic recoil, and maintenance of lumen patency at 12 months prompt further study. (DESolve First-in-Man; EudraCT number 2011-000027-32).

A Next-Generation Bioresorbable CoronaryScaffold System: From Bench toFirst Clinical Evaluation

This study sought to perform clinical and imaging assessments of the DESolveBioresorbable Coronary Scaffold (BCS).Background BCS, which is drug eluting, may have potential advantages compared with conventionalmetallic drug-eluting stents. The DESolve system, designed to provide vessel support and neointimalsuppression, combines a poly-L-lactic acid–based scaffold with the antiproliferative myolimus.Methods The DESolve First-in-Man (A NON-RANDOMIZED, CONSECUTIVE ENROLLMENT EVALUATIONOF THE DESolve MYOLIMUS ELUTING BIORESORBABLE CORONARY STENT IN THE TREATMENT OFPATIENTS WITH DE NOVO NATIVE CORONARY ARTERY LESIONS) trial was a prospective multicenterstudy enrolling 16 patients eligible for treatment. The principal safety endpoint was a composite ofcardiac death, myocardial infarction, and clinically indicated target lesion revascularization. Theprincipal imaging endpoint was in-scaffold late lumen loss (LLL) assessed by quantitative coronaryangiography (QCA) at 6 months. Intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) and optical coherence tomography(OCT) imaging was performed at baseline and 6 months; multislice computed tomography (MSCT) wasperformed at 12 months.Results Acute procedural success was achieved in 15 of 15 patients receiving a study scaffold. At12 months, there was no scaffold thrombosis and no major adverse cardiac events directly attributableto the scaffold. At 6 months, in-scaffold LLL (by QCA) was 0.19 0.19 mm; neointimal volume (by IVUS)was 7.19 3.56%, with no evidence of scaffold recoil or late malapposition. Findings were confirmedwith OCT and showed uniform, thin neointimal coverage (0.12 0.04 mm). At 12 months, MSCTdemonstrated excellent vessel patency.

Three vs twelve months of dual antiplatelet therapy after zotarolimus-eluting stents: the OPTIMIZE randomized trial.

IMPORTANCE: The current recommendation is for at least 12 months of dual antiplatelet therapy after implantation of a drug-eluting stent. However, the optimal duration of dual antiplatelet therapy with specific types of drug-eluting stents remains unknown. OBJECTIVE: To assess the clinical noninferiority of 3 months (short-term) vs 12 months (long-term) of dual antiplatelet therapy in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with zotarolimus-eluting stents. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PATIENTS: The OPTIMIZE trial was an open-label, active-controlled, 1:1 randomized noninferiority study including 3119 patients in 33 sites in Brazil between April 2010 and March 2012. Clinical follow-up was performed at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months. Eligible patients were those with stable coronary artery disease or history of low-risk acute coronary syndrome (ACS) undergoing PCI with zotarolimus-eluting stents. INTERVENTIONS: After PCI with zotarolimus-eluting stents, patients were prescribed aspirin (100-200 mg daily) and clopidogrel (75 mg daily) for 3 months (n = 1563) or 12 months (n = 1556), unless contraindicated because of occurrence of an end point. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: The primary end point was net adverse clinical and cerebral events (NACCE; a composite of all-cause death, myocardial infarction [MI], stroke, or major bleeding); the expected event rate at 1 year was 9%, with a noninferiority margin of 2.7%. Secondary end points were major adverse cardiac events (MACE; a composite of all-cause death, MI, emergent coronary artery bypass graft surgery, or target lesion revascularization) and Academic Research Consortium definite or probable stent thrombosis. RESULTS: NACCE occurred in 93 patients receiving short-term and 90 patients receiving long-term therapy (6.0% vs 5.8%, respectively; risk difference, 0.17 [95% CI, -1.52 to 1.86]; P = .002 for noninferiority). Kaplan-Meier estimates demonstrated MACE rates at 1 year of 8.3% (128) in the short-term group and 7.4% (114) in the long-term group (HR, 1.12 [95% CI, 0.87-1.45]). Between 91 and 360 days, no statistically significant association was observed for NACCE (39 [2.6%] vs 38 [2.6%] for the short- and long-term groups, respectively; HR, 1.03 [95% CI, 0.66-1.60]), MACE (78 [5.3%] vs 64 [4.3%]; HR, 1.22 [95% CI, 0.88-1.70]), or stent thrombosis (4 [0.3%] vs 1 [0.1%]; HR, 3.97 [95% CI, 0.44-35.49]). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: In patients with stable coronary artery disease or low-risk ACS treated with zotarolimus-eluting stents, 3 months of dual antiplatelet therapy was noninferior to 12 months for NACCE, without significantly increasing the risk of stent thrombosis. TRIAL REGISTRATION: clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT01113372.

Stent farmacológico autoexpansível miniaturizado em coronárias de pequeno calibre: eficácia tardia / Miniaturized self-expanding drug-eluting stent in small coronary arteries: late effectiveness

FUNDAMENTO: Na angioplastia coronária percutânea (ACP), os vasos de fino calibre representam um fator de risco para reestenose. O stent farmacológico (SF) autoexpansível Sparrow®, de perfil menor que os sistemas atuais, nunca foi testado nesse cenário. OBJETIVOS: Avaliar a eficácia tardia do SF Sparrow®, com relação à perda luminal tardia intrastent (PLT intrastent) aos oito meses. MÉTODOS: Estudo prospectivo, randomizado, em P com doença arterial coronária (DAC) sintomática ou com isquemia documentada, submetido à ACP em vasos de calibre < 2,75 mm, dividido em dois grupos quanto ao tipo de stent Sparrow®: grupo 1, SF; grupo 2, stent não farmacológico (SNF). O seguimento clínico foi de 12 meses. De imediato e aos oito meses, avaliação pela angiografia coronária quantitativa (ACQ). Para o cálculo da amostra estimou-se diminuição de mais de 65% de PLT intrastent com o SF. Para análise estatística utilizou-se o programa IBM SPSS Statistics® versão 19 (Chicago, Illinois, EUA). RESULTADOS: Foram incluídos 24 p, 12 em cada grupo. Os grupos SF e SNF foram semelhantes quanto à idade (63,25 ± 10,01 versus 64,58 ± 11,54, p = 0,765), sexo masculino (58,3% versus 33,3%, p = 0,412), fatores de risco e todos os aspectos angiográficos. Os resultados imediatos foram satisfatórios em ambos os grupos. Aos oito meses, a PLT intrastent foi significativamente menor no SF do que no SNF (SF 0,25 ± 0,16 versus SNF 0,97 ± 0,76, p = 0,008). CONCLUSÃO: Em ACP de vasos de calibre < 2,75 mm, o SF Sparrow® determinou significativa redução da PLT intrastent, em comparação ao SNF Sparrow®.

BACKGROUND: Small vessels represent a risk factor for restenosis in percutaneous coronary angioplasty (PCA). The Sparrow® self-expanding drug-eluting stent, which has a lower profile than the current systems, has never been tested in this scenario. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the late effectiveness of the Sparrow® drug-eluting stent, regarding in-stent late lumen loss (LLL). METHODS: Patients with ischemia, symptomatic or documented, were submitted to PCA in vessels with reference diameter < 2.75 mm, divided into two groups regarding Sparrow® stent type: group 1: Sparrow® drug-eluting stent (DES), group 2: Sparrow® bare metal stent (BMS). Clinical follow-up duration was 12 months. Evaluation using quantitative coronary angiography (QCA) was performed immediately and at 8 months. A decrease of over 65% of in-stent LLL with DES was estimated to calculate sample size. IBM® SPSS software, release 19 (Chicago, Illinois, USA) was used for the statistical analysis. RESULTS: A total of 24 patients were randomized, 12 in each group. The DES and BMS groups were similar in age (63.25 ± 10.01 vs. 64.58 ± 11.54, p = 0.765), male gender (58.3% vs. 33.3%, p = 0.412), risk factors and all angiographs aspects. Immediate results were satisfactory in both groups. At 8 months in-stent late lumen loss was significantly lower in DES than in BMS group (DES vs. BMS 0.25 ± 0.16 0.97 ± 0.76, p = 0.008). CONCLUSION: In small-vessel PCA, the Sparrow® DES determined significant reduction in in-stent LLL, when compared to Sparrow® BMS.

Miniaturized self-expanding drug-eluting stent in small coronary arteries: late effectiveness.

BACKGROUND: Small vessels represent a risk factor for restenosis in percutaneous coronary angioplasty (PCA). The Sparrow® self-expanding drug-eluting stent, which has a lower profile than the current systems, has never been tested in this scenario. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the late effectiveness of the Sparrow® drug-eluting stent, regarding in-stent late lumen loss (LLL). METHODS: Patients with ischemia, symptomatic or documented, were submitted to PCA in vessels with reference diameter < 2.75 mm, divided into two groups regarding Sparrow® stent type: group 1: Sparrow® drug-eluting stent (DES), group 2: Sparrow® bare metal stent (BMS). Clinical follow-up duration was 12 months. Evaluation using quantitative coronary angiography (QCA) was performed immediately and at 8 months. A decrease of over 65% of in-stent LLL with DES was estimated to calculate sample size. IBM® SPSS software, release 19 (Chicago, Illinois, USA) was used for the statistical analysis. RESULTS: A total of 24 patients were randomized, 12 in each group. The DES and BMS groups were similar in age (63.25 ± 10.01 vs. 64.58 ± 11.54, p = 0.765), male gender (58.3% vs. 33.3%, p = 0.412), risk factors and all angiographs aspects. Immediate results were satisfactory in both groups. At 8 months in-stent late lumen loss was significantly lower in DES than in BMS group (DES vs. BMS 0.25 ± 0.16 0.97 ± 0.76, p = 0.008). CONCLUSION: In small-vessel PCA, the Sparrow® DES determined significant reduction in in-stent LLL, when compared to Sparrow® BMS.

Three vs twelve months of dual antiplatelet therapy after Zotarolimus-Eluting Stents the OPTIMIZE andomized trial

The current recommendation is for at least 12 months of dual antiplatelettherapy after implantation of a drug-eluting stent. However, the optimal duration of dualantiplatelet therapy with specific types of drug-eluting stents remains unknown.OBJECTIVE To assess the clinical noninferiority of 3 months (short-term) vs 12 months(long-term) of dual antiplatelet therapy in patients undergoing percutaneous coronaryintervention (PCI) with zotarolimus-eluting stents.DESIGN, SETTING, AND PATIENTS The OPTIMIZE trialwas an open-label, active-controlled, 1:1randomized noninferiority study including 3119 patients in 33 sites in Brazil between April2010 and March 2012. Clinical follow-up was performed at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months. Eligiblepatients were those with stable coronary artery disease or history of low-risk acute coronarysyndrome (ACS) undergoing PCI with zotarolimus-eluting stents.INTERVENTIONS After PCI with zotarolimus-eluting stents, patients were prescribed aspirin(100-200mg daily) and clopidogrel (75mg daily) for 3 months (n = 1563) or 12 months(n = 1556), unless contraindicated because of occurrence of an end point.MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES The primary end pointwas net adverse clinical and cerebralevents (NACCE; a composite of all-cause death, myocardial infarction [MI], stroke, or majorbleeding); the expected event rate at 1 year was 9%, with a noninferiority margin of 2.7%.Secondary end points were major adverse cardiac events (MACE; a composite of all-causedeath, MI, emergent coronary artery bypass graft surgery, or target lesion revascularization)and Academic Research Consortium definite or probable stent thrombosis.RESULTS NACCE occurred in 93 patients receiving short-term and 90 patients receivinglong-term therapy...

Procedural and early clinical outcomes of patients with de novo coronary bifurcation lesions treated with the novel Nile PAX dedicated bifurcation polymer-free paclitaxel coated stents: results from the prospective, multicentre, non-randomised BIPAX clinical trial.

AIMS: To demonstrate the acute and early outcomes of the novel Nile PAX dedicated polymer-free paclitaxel-coated stents (Minvasys SAS, Gennevilliers, France) in the treatment of de novo coronary bifurcation lesions. METHODS AND RESULTS: The Nile PAX device incorporates a cobalt-chromium alloy with a side aperture in the mid-stent designed to optimise scaffold at the bifurcation carina and side branch (SB) ostium, while maintaining SB access during procedure. From December 2008 to February 2010, 101 patients were prospectively enrolled in a non-randomised, multicentre study. Lesion criteria were: vessel size 2.5-3.5 mm in the parent vessel (PV) and 2.0-3.0 mm in the SB, and lesion length <14 mm in the PV, and <5 mm in the SB. Mean age was 63 years, 29% had diabetes, LAD/Dg was involved in 80.4%, and 61.7% had significant involvement of both branches. The study stent was successfully attempted and implanted in 98%. SB received additional stent in 26% final kissing-balloon inflation was performed in 93% and lesion (angiographic) success was achieved in 98%. There was only one non-Q myocardial infarction during hospitalisation, and no additional events up to 30 days. CONCLUSIONS: Preliminary results of the prospective, non-randomised, multicentre BIPAX clinical trial demonstrated encouraging results with the novel Nile PAX bifurcation DES in the treatment of coronary bifurcation lesions, including high device and procedural success. Overall, there was only one major adverse cardiac event during hospitalisation, with no additional events up to 30 days follow-up. Long-term follow-up is warranted.

Stents farmacológicos libertadores de everolimus Xience TM V no tratamento de pacientes com lesões coronárias complexas na prática diária: resultados iniciais do Registro Brasileiro BRAVO / Xience TM V everolimus-eluting stents in the treatment of patients with complex coronary lesions in the daily clinical practice: early results of the Brazilian Registry BRAVO

Introdução: A eficácia e a segurança do stent farmacológico (SF) de segunda geração liberador de everolimus XienceTM V (Abbott Vascular, Santa Clara, Estados Unidos) já foram estabelecidas no tratamento de pacientes selecionados com lesões coronárias. No entanto, o impacto do stent Xience TM V em população da prática clínica com lesóes complexas ainda não está totalmente definido. Métodos: O Registro BRAVO foi um estudo prospectivo, não-randomizado, multicêntrico, que avaliou os resultados clínicos tardios de pacientes minimamente selecionados tratados com o SF Xience TM V na prática diária brasileira. No total, foram incluídos 535 pacientes em 25 centros clínicos entre setembro de 2008 e setembro de 2010. Eventos cardíacos adversos maiores (ECAM) foram definidos como morte cardíaca, infarto agudo do miocárdio (IAM) e revascularização do vaso-alvo (RVA). Resultados: A média de idade dos pacientes era de 62,7 + - 11,1 anos 40 dos quais tinham diabetes, 24,9 apresentavam IAM prévio e 41,9 apresentaram-se com síndrome coronária aguda. Cerca de dois terços dos pacientes tinham lesões tipo B2/C e 46,1 trataram a artéria descendente anterior. Implante de múltiplos stents ocorreu em 13,8 dos casos, e o sucesso angiográfico foi > 99. Na fase intra-hospitalar, a taxa de IAM periprocedimento foi de 1,9. Já no seguimento de 6 meses, as taxas cumulativas de óbito cardíaco, IAM e RVA foram de 1,1, 2,2 e 1,3, respectivamente)taxa de ECAM de 4,3). Com relação à trombose de stent (definida de acordo com os critérios do Academic Research Consortium - ARC), foram reportados 4 casos até 6 meses...

Procedural and early clinical outcomes of patients withde novo coronary bifurcation lesions treated with the novelNile PAX dedicated bifurcation polymer-free paclitaxelcoated stents: results from the prospective, multicentre,non-randomised BIPAX clinical trial

Aims: To demonstrate the acute and early outcomes of the novel Nile PAX dedicated polymer-free paclitaxelcoatedstents (Minvasys SAS, Gennevilliers, France) in the treatment of de novo coronary bifurcation lesions.Methods and results: The Nile PAX device incorporates a cobalt-chromium alloy with a side aperture inthe mid-stent designed to optimise scaffold at the bifurcation carina and side branch (SB) ostium, while maintainingSB access during procedure. From December 2008 to February 2010, 101 patients were prospectivelyenrolled in a non-randomised, multicentre study. Lesion criteria were: vessel size 2.5-3.5 mm in the parentvessel (PV) and 2.0-3.0 mm in the SB, and lesion length <14 mm in the PV, and <5 mm in the SB. Mean agewas 63 years, 29% had diabetes, LAD/Dg was involved in 80.4%, and 61.7% had significant involvement ofboth branches. The study stent was successfully attempted and implanted in 98%. SB received additionalstent in 26%; final kissing-balloon inflation was performed in 93%; and lesion (angiographic) success wasachieved in 98%. There was only one non-Q myocardial infarction during hospitalisation, and no additionalevents up to 30 days.Conclusions: Preliminary results of the prospective, non-randomised, multicentre BIPAX clinical trial demonstratedencouraging results with the novel Nile PAX bifurcation DES in the treatment of coronary bifurcationlesions, including high device and procedural success. Overall, there was only one major adverse cardiac eventduring hospitalisation, with no additional events up to 30 days follow-up. Long-term follow-up is warranted.

Comparação da resposta vascular entre stents liberadores de sirolimus com diferentes doses e formas de eluição: análise com ultrassom intracoronário / Comparison of vascular response to different doses and patterns of elution of sirolimus-eluting stents using coronary intravascular ultrasound

INTRODUÇÃO: O remodelamento vascular positivo após intervenção coronária percutânea com stents farmacológicos pode estar associado a dose excessiva do fármaco antiproliferativo e/ou toxicidade local do polímero sintético. Tal fenômeno pode levar à aposição incompleta tardia das hastes do stent, atuando como fator de risco para trombose tardia/muito tardia. Objetivamos avaliar a resposta vascular secundária ao implante de stents liberadores de sirolimus com diferentes doses e formas de eluição por meio de análise seriada com ultrassom intracoronário. MÉTODO: Avaliamos 50 pacientes de baixo a moderado risco cardiovascular divididos em três grupos, de acordo com a dose de sirolimus e a forma de eluição: grupo 1, Cypher® (7,7 µg de sirolimus/mm de stent, polímero durável); grupo 2, Cypher Redox® (3,1 µg de sirolimus/mm de stent, polímero durável); e grupo 3, VESTAsyncTM (2,9 µg de sirolimus/mm de stent, sem polímero). RESULTADOS: No seguimento de 10 ± 1 meses, os stents Cypher®, Redox® e VESTAsyncTM apresentaram perda luminal tardia, respectivamente, de 0,16 ± 0,36 mm, 0,24 ± 0,33 mm e 0,37 ± 0,24 mm (P = 0,19). Na análise com ultrassom intracoronário, os stents Cypher® e Redox® apresentaram discreto remodelamento vascular positivo, traduzido pelo aumento não-significativo do volume do vaso de 0,1 ± 1,6 mm³/mm e 0,5 ± 0,6 mm³/mm, respectivamente. Por outro lado, o grupo VESTAsyncTM apresentou ausência de remodelamento vascular positivo (-0,3 ± 1,9 mm³/mm). CONCLUSÕES: Na população avaliada, não foi observada relação linear entre doses crescentes de sirolimus e remodelamento vascular positivo, sugerindo que esse fenômeno vascular pode estar relacionado à presença de um polímero sintético.

BACKGROUND: Positive vascular remodeling after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) using drug-eluting stents may be associated to a high dose of an anti-proliferative agent and/or local toxicity of the synthetic polymer. This may lead to late incomplete aposition of the struts, acting as a late/very late thrombosis risk factor. Our objective was to assess the vascular response secondary to sirolimus drug-eluting stent implantation using different doses and patterns of elution by means of serial intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) analysis. METHOD: We assessed 50 patients with low to moderate cardiovascular risk divided into 3 groups according to the sirolimus dose and pattern of elution: group 1, Cypher® (7.7 µg sirolimus/mm, durable polymer sirolimus-eluting stent); group 2, Cypher Redox® (3.1 µg sirolimus/mm, durable polymer sirolimus-eluting stent); and group 3, VESTAsyncTM (2.9 µg sirolimus/mm, polymer-free sirolimus-eluting stent). RESULTS: In the 10 ± 1 month followup, Cypher®, Redox® and VESTAsyncTM stents showed a late luminal loss of 0.16 ± 0.36 mm, 0.24 ± 0.33 mm, 0.37 ± 0.24 mm, respectively (P = 0.19). Serial IVUS analysis showed Cypher® and Redox® stents with mild positive vascular remodeling translated by non-significant vessel volume increase of 0.1 ± 1.6 mm³/mm and 0.5 ± 0.6 mm³/mm, respectively. On the other hand, there was no positive vascular remodeling in the VESTAsyncTM group (-0.3 ± 1.9 mm³/mm). CONCLUSIONS: There was no linear relationship between increasing sirolimus doses and positive vascular remodeling, suggesting this vascular event may be related to the presence of a synthetic polymer.

Influência das dimensões finais do stent pós-procedimento nos resultados tardios do stent endeavor: análise preliminar com ultrassom intracoronário seriado / Influence of stent final dimensions in mid term outcomes of the EndeavorTM stent: a preliminary serial intra-vascular ultrasound analysis

INTRODUÇÃO: Vários fatores têm sido relacionados à necessidade de revascularização da lesão-alvo, sejam eles clínicos, angiográficos ou ultrassonográficos. Quanto aos últimos, a área mínima do stent pós-procedimento (AMS) tem sido correlacionada com áreas luminais mínimas intrastent tardias (ALM), em pacientes tratados com stents farmacológicos e não-farmacológicos. OBJETIVO: Avaliar a AMS de pacientes tratados com stents liberadores de zotarolimus EndeavorTM capazes de predizer ALM < 4 mm², aos seis meses de evolução. MÉTODO: Estudo retrospectivo com 47 pacientes e 50 lesões tratados com stents liberadores de zotarolimus, submetidos a ultrassonografia intravascular (USIC) no procedimento índex e no seguimento de seis meses. Correlacionou-se a AMS com a ALM. Por meio da análise de curva ROC, avaliou-se a AMS preditora de ALM < 4 mm² no seguimento de seis meses. RESULTADOS: Observou-se correlação significativa (r² = 0,64; P = 0,001) entre AMS (6 ± 2,1 mm²) e ALM (4,6 ± 2,4 mm²). Houve diferença significativa quanto à AMS dos grupos com ALM < 4 mm² vs. > 4 mm² (4,8 mm² vs. 6,8 mm², respectivamente; P = 0,001). Pela análise da curva ROC, encontrou-se AMS pós-implante > 5,7 mm² como preditora de ALM > 4 mm² aos seis meses [área sob a curva: 0,815; intervalo de confiança (IC) 95%: 0,68-0,95; P < 0,001], com sensibilidade e especificidade de 80%. CONCLUSÃO: Em pacientes tratados com stents EndeavorTM, a AMS > 5,7 mm² esteve associada a ALM > 4 mm² no médio prazo. Tais achados podem auxiliar o implante ótimo desses stents.

BACKGROUND: Several clinical, angiographic and ultrasonographic factors have been associated to stent restenosis and target lesion revascularization. As to intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) findings, the minimal stent area (MSA) has been correlated with minimal lumen areas (MLA) in patients treated with bare metal and drug eluting stents. OBJECTIVES: Evaluate MSA values of patients treated with EndeavorTM zotarolimus eluting stents capable of predicting MLA < 4 mm² after six months of follow-up. METHOD: Retrospective study with 47 patients and 50 lesions treated with zotarolimus eluting stents, submitted to IVUS at index and at the six-month follow-up. The MSA was then correlated to the MLA. ROC curve analysis was used to identify a MSA that could predict a MLA < 4 mm² at six months. RESULTS: There was a significant correlation (r² = 0.64; P = 0.001) between the MSA (6.0 ± 2.1 mm²) and MLA at six months (4.6 ± 2.4 mm²). There was a significant difference for MSA between the groups with MLA < 4 mm² vs. > 4 mm² (4.8 mm² vs. 6.8 mm², respectively; P = 0.001). ROC curve analysis identified a post-implant MSA of > 5.7 mm² as a predictor of MLA > 4 mm² at six months [area under curve: 0.815; 95% confidence interval (95% CI): 0.680.95; P < 0.001], with sensitivity and specificity of 80%. CONCLUSION: In this group of patients treated with EndeavorTM stents, MSA > 5.7 mm² was associated with MLA > 4 mm² at the mid-term follow-up. These findings may help achieve the optimal deployment of these stents.

Intervenção coronária percutânea em octogenários: houve mudanças no perfil dos casos tratados nos últimos cinco anos? / Percutaneous coronary intervention in eighty-year-old individuals: have there been changes in the profile of cases treated in the last five years?

Com o aumento da longevidade da população, as intervenções coronárias percutâneas (ICP) em octogenários têm sido realizadas com frequência crescente. No entanto, como os pacientes vivem mais, possivelmente apresentar-se-ão ao cardiologista com doença mais avançada, tanto em relação às comorbidades como à propria coronariopatia, fato que, se confirmado, poderia influenciar os resultados almejados...

ntroduction: As population longevity increases, percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI) in eighty-year-old individuals have been increasingly more performed. However, as patients live longer, they are likely to be referred to the cardiologist with a more advanced disease, both in terms of comorbidities and coronary disease, which might influence the desired results...

Stents farmacológicos no mundo real: impacto de sua disponibilidade no perfil de pacientes tratados por meio de intervenção coronária percutânea em um Hospital Público / Drug-eluting stents in the real world scenario: the impact of their availability in the profile of patients treated percutaneously in a public hospital

Introdução: Pacientes submetidos a intervenção percutânea em hospitais públicos brasileiros não têm acesso aos stents farmacológicos. No início de 2006, participamos de um registro multicêntrico internacional que disponibilizava o uso rotineiro dessas próteses, no cenário do mundo real. Neste artigo, procuramos identificar os perfis clínico, angiográfico e do procedimento de pacientes consecutivamente tratados em períodos subseqüentes de dois meses, de acordo com a disponibilidade desses modelos, visando à identificação de eventuais alterações nesses perfis. Método: Estudo observacional de uma série de 471 pacientes, divididos em dois grupos: A, 229 casos dilatados na vigência da disponibilidade de stents farmacológicos; e B, 242 pacientes subseqüentes tratados da forma usual. Não houve critérios de inclusão/exclusão. Resultados: Stents farmacológicos foram mais implantados no grupo A (44% vs. 2%; p < 0,0001). No que se refere às características de base, observou-se predomínio significante de diabéticos dependentes de insulina em A (8% vs. 3%; p = 0,02), o mesmo ocorrendo com lesões-alvo tipos B2 ou C (73% vs. 57%; p < 0,0001), lesões situadas em bifurcações (15% vs. 9%; p = 0,02) e intervenções multiarteriais (15% vs. 6%; p = 0,003). A angiografia quantitativa identificou os casos de A como portadores de estenoses situadas em vasos de menor calibre (2,4 mm vs. 2,6 mm; p = 0,0004), também exibindo lesões mais longas (14,9 mm vs. 12,7 mm; p = 0,0008). Conclusões: A disponibilidade dos stents farmacológicos gerou alterações no perfil dos casos tratados, que passou a abordar situações mais predispostas à reestenose, como os diabéticos dependentes de insulina, os multiarteriais com lesões de alta complexidade e os portadores de lesões mais longas em vasos de fino calibre.

Introduction: Patients submitted to percutaneous intervention in public hospitals in Brazil have no access to DES. At the beginning of 2006, we participated in an international multicenter registry which made available the routine use of these prosthesis, in a “real world” scenario. In this article, we intend to identify the clinical, angiographical and procedural profiles of the patients, consecutively treated in two-month subsequent periods, according to the availability of these models, with the aim of identifying eventual changes in their profiles. Method: Observational series of 471 patients, divided into two groups: A) 229 cases, treated during a period of availability of DES for routine use; and B) 242 patients subsequently treated as usual (no routine avalilability of DES). There were no inclusion/exclusion criteria. Results: More DES were implanted in group A (44% vs. 2%; p<0.0001). Regarding baseline clinical and angiographic characteristics, a significant predominance of insulin-dependent diabetics was observed in group A (8% vs. 3%; p=0.02), as well as B2 or C lesions (73% vs. 57%; p<0.0001); lesions in bifurcations (15% vs. 9%; p=0.02), and multiarterial interventions (15% vs. 6%; p=0.003). Quantitative angiography identified the A group cases as bearers of stenosis placed in smaller vessels (2.4 mm vs. 2.6 mm; p=0.0004), also exhibiting longer lesions (14.9 mm vs. 12.7 mm; p=0.0008). Conclusions: The availability of DES changed the profile of the patients treated, being more likely situations prone to restenosis, such as insulin dependent diabetics, multiarterial disease, patients presenting complex lesions, longer lesions and smaller target vessels.

Intravascular ultrasound assessment of the novel AngioSculpt scoring balloon catheter for the treatment of complex coronary lesions.

BACKGROUND: Despite the advances in interventional cardiology, stent expansion remains an important predictor of success, impacting restenosis and thrombosis rates after either bare-metal (BMS) or drug-eluting stent implantation. Especially for the treatment of complex lesions (e.g., calcified lesions, in-stent restenosis, etc.), adequate lesion preparation might help improve procedural results as well as clinical outcomes. We sought to investigate the safety, feasibility and mechanism of action of a new scoring-balloon catheter, the AngioSculpt, comprised of a semicompliant balloon and a nitinol spiral cage designed to address complex lesions. METHODS: A total of 60 consecutive patients at two centers were prospectively enrolled in this first-in-man coronary study and divided into two groups according to the type of lesion treated: Group I: patients with de novo coronary lesions (n = 47) as a pretreatment strategy before BMS implantation, and Group II: patients with BMS restenosis (n = 17) as a standalone therapy. A subgroup of patients in each cohort was assigned to intravascular (IVUS) analysis. Patients in Group II were submitted to routine 6-month follow-up angiography. In Group I, angiographic restudy was contingent upon the presence of ischemia. Lesions longer than 20 mm in very tortuous vessels, in arterial or vein grafts, in the setting of acute myocardial infarction or with visible thrombus were excluded from this study. RESULTS: Success was achieved in all cases. The mean age of the study populations was 62 +/- 11.6 years (Group I) and 53 +/- 9.4 years (Group II), with 26% and 18% diabetics, respectively. In Group I, 73% of lesions were diffuse and fibrocalcified, while in Group II, 72% were classified as diffuse. No serious complications were observed in either group. Balloon slippage (or the "watermelon seed" phenomenon) was not observed. Significant acute gain was achieved in both groups (0.7 mm in Group I and 1.64 mm in Group II). A minimum final area (in-stent) 6.5 mm2 was achieved in 85% of the cases in Group I and in 82% of the cases in Group II. CONCLUSIONS: In this preliminary in vivo study, the use AngioSculpt(R) proved to be feasible and safe for the treatment of complex coronary lesions. Six-month results suggest the use of this novel device as an attractive option for the percutaneous approach of restenotic coronary lesions and should be assessed in a larger, more complex cohort of patients.

Intravascular ultrasound assessment of the novel angio sculpt scorig ballon catheter for the treatment of complex coronary lesions

Despite the advances in interventional cardiology, stenting expansion remains an important predictor of success, impacting resenosis and thrombosis rates after either bare-metal (BMS) or drug-eluting stent implantation.Especially for the treatment of complex lesions (e.g., calcified lesions, in stent restenosis, etc.), adequate lesion preparation might help improve procedural results as well clinical outcomes. We sought to investigate the safety, feasibility and mechanisc of action of a new scoring-balloon catheter, the Angiosculpt,, comprised of a semicompliant balloon and a nitinol cage designed to adress complex lesions. Methods: A total of 60 consecutive patients at two centers were prospectivelly enrolled in-this first-in-man coronary study and divided in two groups according to the type of the lesion treated...